{"id":1967,"date":"2026-03-04T17:47:29","date_gmt":"2026-03-04T10:47:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tamiacademy.com\/?p=1967"},"modified":"2026-03-04T18:01:05","modified_gmt":"2026-03-04T11:01:05","slug":"tong-quan-ve-mang-truyen-thong-cong-nghiep","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamiacademy.com\/en\/tong-quan-ve-mang-truyen-thong-cong-nghiep\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 m\u1ea1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"1967\" class=\"elementor elementor-1967\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7f1c3ca post-content elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7f1c3ca\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5007212\" data-id=\"5007212\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e3af730 elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-breadcrumbs\" data-id=\"e3af730\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-breadcrumbs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"eael-breadcrumbs\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"eael-breadcrumbs__prefix\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/tamiacademy.com\/en\" class=\"eael-breadcrumbs__prefix-link\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" viewbox=\"0 0 20 20\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M3.125 8.28125V17.5C3.125 17.6658 3.19085 17.8247 3.30806 17.9419C3.42527 18.0592 3.58424 18.125 3.75 18.125H7.5V12.8125C7.5 12.5639 7.59877 12.3254 7.77459 12.1496C7.9504 11.9738 8.18886 11.875 8.4375 11.875H11.5625C11.8111 11.875 12.0496 11.9738 12.2254 12.1496C12.4012 12.3254 12.5 12.5639 12.5 12.8125V18.125H16.25C16.4158 18.125 16.5747 18.0592 16.6919 17.9419C16.8092 17.8247 16.875 17.6658 16.875 17.5V8.28125\" stroke=\"#363636\" stroke-width=\"1.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><\/path><path d=\"M18.75 9.99981L10.4254 2.03106C10.2301 1.82481 9.77344 1.82246 9.57461 2.03106L1.25 9.99981M15.625 6.99199V2.49981H13.75V5.19512\" stroke=\"#363636\" stroke-width=\"1.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"eael-breadcrumbs__content\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamiacademy.com\/en\">Home<\/a> <span class=\"eael-breadcrumb-separator\">\/<\/span> <\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-333562f elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"333562f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 m\u1ea1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6672e18 elementor-widget elementor-widget-post-info\" data-id=\"6672e18\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"post-info.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-inline-items elementor-icon-list-items elementor-post-info\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-250d151 elementor-inline-item\" itemprop=\"datePublished\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/tamiacademy.com\/en\/2026\/03\/04\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M16 2V6M8 2V6M3 10H21M13 4H11C7.229 4 5.343 4 4.172 5.172C3.001 6.344 3 8.229 3 12V14C3 17.771 3 19.657 4.172 20.828C5.344 21.999 7.229 22 11 22H13C16.771 22 18.657 22 19.828 20.828C20.999 19.656 21 17.771 21 14V12C21 8.229 21 6.343 19.828 5.172C18.656 4.001 16.771 4 13 4Z\" stroke=\"#7E7E7E\" stroke-width=\"1.44\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><\/path><path d=\"M11.996 14H12.004M11.996 18H12.004M15.991 14H16M8 14H8.009M8 18H8.009\" stroke=\"#7E7E7E\" stroke-width=\"1.92\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-info__item-prefix\">Ng\u00e0y \u0111\u0103ng:<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t04\/03\/2026\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c4cbc5c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c4cbc5c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>M\u1ea1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong> l\u00e0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a n\u00e0o v\u00ec n\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n trao \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed1i.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 LAN (M\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf) ho\u1eb7c WAN (M\u1ea1ng di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u00eanh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n. M\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Khi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n tr\u00ean t\u1ea7ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, ng\u00e0y nay, xu h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng M\u1edf (OSI) cho ph\u00e9p k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 giao ti\u1ebfp b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u1eb7p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a n\u00e0o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 fieldbus hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a v\u00ec n\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111a \u0111i\u1ec3m mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m c\u00e1p d\u1eabn. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 m\u1ea1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ng\u00e0y nay.<\/span><\/p><h1><strong><span style=\"color: #993300;\">M\u1ea1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span><\/strong><\/h1><p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1969\" src=\"https:\/\/tamiacademy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/p-incomnet-01-300x185.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"371\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tamiacademy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/p-incomnet-01-300x185.webp 300w, https:\/\/tamiacademy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/p-incomnet-01-18x12.webp 18w, https:\/\/tamiacademy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/p-incomnet-01.webp 701w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>M\u1ea1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong> (Industrial Communication Network) hay <strong>m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m chung ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1, truy\u1ec1n bit n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gh\u00e9p n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p gi\u00fap c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi, m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd. V\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n nay cho ph\u00e9p li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u1ea1ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee9c, nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c nhau: t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh (thu\u1ed9c ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng) cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb quan s\u00e1t, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00f4ng ty.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"#\">T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n giao ti\u1ebfp &amp; giao th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/a><\/span><\/p><h1><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><strong>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng<\/strong><\/span><\/h1><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, tuy nhi\u00ean c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t sau:<\/span><\/p><ul><li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u1ea1ng vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean tham gia l\u1edbn h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, n\u00ean c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt (c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1ea1ng, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, t\u00ednh n\u0103ng th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c,\u2026) r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng (truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i d\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng\/d\u1ea3i c\u01a1 s\u1edf, \u0111i\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn, d\u1ed3n k\u00eanh, chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch,\u2026) th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, trong \u0111\u00f3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu. V\u00ec v\u1eady c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n trao \u0111\u1ed5i bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, v\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay l\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, n\u00ean d\u1ea1ng th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m duy nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong m\u1ea1ng vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng r\u1ea5t phong ph\u00fa, trong khi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u theo ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 bit n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u1ea1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u00e0 kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/strong><\/p><ul><li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 hay truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng chung c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n (\u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00f4ng ty) trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c, \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi cao h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m vi tr\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0 m\u1ea1ng LAN cho m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m v\u00e0i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, ho\u1eb7c r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 m\u1ea1ng Internet. Trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, ph\u1ea1m vi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i h\u1eb9p.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau trong ph\u1ea1m vi v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau trong c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u00ednh kinh t\u1ebf.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5: do y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n m\u00e1y t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 cho nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea1m vi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac giao th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac giao th\u1ee9c c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u00ec c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh h\u1ea1 l\u1ea1i lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/span><\/p><h1><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><strong>Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/span><\/h1><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 bus tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1ch n\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec3m-\u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p mang l\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p><ul><li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p: M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gh\u00e9p n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n duy nh\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m d\u00e2y n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng: Nh\u1edd c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00e1p truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng duy nh\u1ea5t, gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 cho nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">N\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng tin: Khi d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p truy\u1ec1n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec5u d\u1ec5 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ed9i dung th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Nh\u1edd k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin truy\u1ec1n \u0111i kh\u00f3 b\u1ecb sai l\u1ec7ch h\u01a1n, m\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u00eam kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n l\u1ed7i n\u1ebfu c\u00f3. H\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa, vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecf qua nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i qua l\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1-s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1-t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng tin.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">N\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 linh ho\u1ea1t, t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edf c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng: M\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e3ng kh\u00e1c nhau. Vi\u1ec7c thay th\u1ebf thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n (ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1edd c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n chu\u1ea9n.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a\/ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c tham s\u1ed1 h\u00f3a, ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb l\u1ed7i, s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb : V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n duy nh\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi cho nhau c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tham s\u1ed1, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m trong m\u1ea1ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi l\u1eabn nhau.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, tham s\u1ed1 h\u00f3a, ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb xa qua m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt trung t\u00e2m.M\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p cho ph\u00e9p \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u1edbi nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n l\u1ed7i t\u1eeb xa qua Internet, t\u00edch h\u1ee3p th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00f4ng ty.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><h1><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><strong>Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/span><\/h1><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1968\" src=\"https:\/\/tamiacademy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/p-incomnet-01-1-300x143.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"286\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tamiacademy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/p-incomnet-01-1-300x143.webp 300w, https:\/\/tamiacademy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/p-incomnet-01-1-18x9.webp 18w, https:\/\/tamiacademy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/p-incomnet-01-1.webp 640w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u1ec3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ta d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p quen thu\u1ed9c cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi n\u0103m c\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng. T\u1eeb c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201cbus\u201d th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng thay cho \u201cm\u1ea1ng\u201d, v\u1edbi l\u00fd do ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1eadt l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c logic ki\u1ec3u bus.<\/span><\/p><h2><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><strong>#1 Bus tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Bus tr\u01b0\u1eddng (fieldbus) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m chung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng bus n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt truy\u1ec1n tin s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb thu\u1ed9c c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n (PC, PLC) v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u1edf c\u1ea5p ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh, hay c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5p ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh l\u00e0 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng, truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00e0o\/ra ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n (distributed I\/O), c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng (sensor, transducer, transmitter) ho\u1eb7c c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh (actuator, valve) c\u00f3 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ki\u1ec3u bus tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 bus ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh\/c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn. Trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o (t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, gia c\u00f4ng, l\u1eafp r\u00e1p) ho\u1eb7c \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a t\u00f2a nh\u00e0, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t xe h\u01a1i, kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m bus thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, bus thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 bus tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u01b0ng do nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a hai ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, n\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c nhau. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau n\u00e0y ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t, khi m\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111an ch\u00e9o sang nhau.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng d\u00f9ng chung m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m l\u00e0 bus tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Do nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a bus tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n xu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh, v\u00ec v\u1eady y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. Th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u n\u1eb1m trong ph\u1ea1m vi t\u1eeb 0,1 t\u1edbi v\u00e0i miligi\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00f4ng tin trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf trong kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i byte, v\u00ec v\u1eady t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u1edf ph\u1ea1m vi Mbit\/s ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. Vi\u1ec7c trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3, tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin tham s\u1ed1 h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng bus tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 PROFIBUS, ControlNet, INTERBUS, CAN, WorldFIP, P-NET, Modbus v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y ph\u1ea3i k\u1ec3 t\u1edbi Foundation Fieldbus. DeviceNet, AS-i, EIB v\u00e0 Bitbus l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng bus c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn\/ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00eau ra \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p><h2><strong><span style=\"color: #993300;\">#2 Bus h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span><\/strong><\/h2><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh tr\u00ean c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 bus h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng (system bus) hay bus qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh (process bus). Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m sau th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Qua bus h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, cung c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh cho c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1m quan s\u00e1t (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp th\u00f4ng qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m ch\u1ee7) c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh, tham s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m ph\u00eda tr\u00ean. Th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao \u0111\u1ed5i theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n theo chi\u1ec1u ngang.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, tr\u1ea1m v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m ch\u1ee7 c\u0169ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u qua bus h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00e1c m\u00e1y in b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i qua m\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi bus h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, t\u00f9y theo l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ng\u1eb7t ngh\u00e8o hay kh\u00f4ng. Th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tr\u0103m miligi\u00e2y, trong khi l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n trao \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi bus tr\u01b0\u1eddng. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a bus h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u1eb1m trong ph\u1ea1m vi t\u1eeb v\u00e0i tr\u0103m kbit\/s \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i Mbit\/s.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Khi bus h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 gh\u00e9p n\u1ed1i theo chi\u1ec1u ngang gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m bus \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a bus \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 trao \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n. Bus \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng cao, nh\u01b0ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t kh\u1eaft khe.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Do c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u bus h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n Ethernet, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 Industrial Ethernet, Fieldbus Foundation\u2019s High Speed Ethernet (HSE), Ethernet\/IP.<\/span><\/p><h2><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><strong>#3 M\u1ea1ng x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u1ea1ng x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c ra l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng LAN b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng thu\u1ed9c c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t. Th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a l\u00ean tr\u00ean bao g\u1ed3m tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, c\u00e1c gi\u00e0n m\u00e1y c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea v\u1ec1 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, th\u00f4ng tin c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ea1nh theo chi\u1ec1u ngang gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh thu\u1ed9c c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ki\u1ec3u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c theo nh\u00f3m, c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chung c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng (m\u00e1y in, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7,\u2026).<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng bus c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi, m\u1ea1ng x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c. Vi\u1ec7c trao \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ra kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 khi v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn t\u1edbi h\u00e0ng Mbyte. Hai lo\u1ea1i m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Ethernet v\u00e0 Token-Ring, tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c chu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0 TCP\/IP v\u00e0 IPX\/SPX.<\/span><\/p><h2><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><strong>#4 M\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng ty<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng ty n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng ty g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n ph\u1ea1m vi v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng ty l\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p, cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, th\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o t\u1eeb xa qua \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 truy c\u1eadp Internet v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, v.v\u2026<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c gh\u00e9p n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty. Trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng ty v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng duy nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt l\u00fd, nh\u01b0ng chia th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea1m vi v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cao t\u1ed1c trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty, v\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n, tin c\u1eady \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cao. Fast Ethernet, FDDI, ATM l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/span><\/p><h1><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><strong>Giao th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/span><\/h1><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ea1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un I\/O kh\u00e1c nhau. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Giao th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa hai ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, m\u1ea1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u sau \u0111\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p><h2><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><strong>Giao ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Giao ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng giao ti\u1ebfp c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p cho h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 PLC. Giao ti\u1ebfp n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n giao th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 RS232, RS422 v\u00e0 RS485. T\u1eeb vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft RS l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a \u201cRecommended Standard\u201d ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u01a1 v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n giao ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n trong CPU ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4-\u0111un giao ti\u1ebfp ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. C\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n RS n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao gi\u1eefa PLC v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1eeb xa. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0: \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecdc m\u00e3 v\u1ea1ch, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed1i, vision.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Giao ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp RS-232 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y thu v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u00e1p t\u1ed1i \u0111a ph\u1ea3i l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 50 feet. Chu\u1ea9n giao ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp RS 422 (1Tx, 10 Rx) v\u00e0 RS485 (32Tx, 32 Rx) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i 1650 feet (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi RS422) v\u00e0 650 feet (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi RS485).<\/span><\/p><h2><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><strong>HART<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">HART l\u00e0 t\u1eeb vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a \u201cHighway Addressable Remote Transducer\u201d. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giao th\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u1edf, ch\u1ed3ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u 4-20mA b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Bell 202 Frequency Shift Keying (FSK).<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng duy nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho c\u1ea3 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u s\u1ed1 &amp; t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 hai chi\u1ec1u c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac b\u1eb1ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng lai. T\u00edn hi\u1ec7u s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u HART mang th\u00f4ng tin ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p \u0111o quy tr\u00ecnh b\u1ed5 sung kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u1ea1ng HART ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec3m-\u0111i\u1ec3m ho\u1eb7c \u0111a \u0111i\u1ec3m. Trong ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec3m-\u0111i\u1ec3m, t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n 4-20 mA \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trong khi t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u HART v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng. M\u1ea1ng Multidrop HART \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4ng minh \u0111a bi\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi HART \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. M\u1ea1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng HART \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng SCADA.<\/span><\/p><h2><strong><span style=\"color: #993300;\">DeviceNet<\/span><\/strong><\/h2><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">DeviceNet l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1edf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 CAN. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1eddng (nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc, \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecdc m\u00e3 v\u1ea1ch, m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh, v.v.) v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ea5p cao h\u01a1n (nh\u01b0 PLC) v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng duy nh\u1ea5t giao th\u1ee9c CAN c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 64 n\u00fat v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng 2048 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">DeviceNet l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed m\u1ea1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00edch h\u1ee3p t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e1p b\u1ed1n d\u00e2y mang c\u1ea3 d\u00e2y d\u1eabn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n. Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1eadt l\u00fd. M\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u00f4 t\u00f4 v\u00e0 b\u00e1n d\u1eabn.<\/span><\/p><h2><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><strong>ControlNet<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">ControlNet l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u1edf, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Giao th\u1ee9c C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Chung (CIP) \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng peer-to-peer v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng I\/O v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao. M\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a Data Highway Plus (DH +) v\u00e0 Remote I\/O. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c I\/O ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1i \u0111a 99 n\u00fat v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 n\u0103m tri\u1ec7u bit m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng \u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c n\u00fat c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng.<\/span><\/p><h2><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><strong>Modbus<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Modbus l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giao th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1edf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp v\u1eadt l\u00fd kh\u00e1c nhau. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt giao ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 master\/slave \u0111\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi RS232 v\u00e0 RS485.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Modbus n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi RS232 ho\u1eb7c RS485 (nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp v\u1eadt l\u00fd) t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb Modbus v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n (nh\u01b0 PLC) trong m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac bus. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t master v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 slave l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 247 v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u 19,2 kbits\/s.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n Modbus TCP\/IP m\u1edbi h\u01a1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Ethernet l\u00e0m l\u1edbp v\u1eadt l\u00fd t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n trao \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c PLC trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t lo\u1ea1i m\u1ea1ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y b\u1edfi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p><h2><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><strong>Profibus<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Profibus l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u1ea1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edf n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. C\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y. N\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t cho c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 giao ti\u1ebfp ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian. C\u00f3 ba phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a Profibus l\u00e0 Profibus-DP (Decentralized Periphery), Profibus-PA (Process Automation) v\u00e0 Profibus-FMS (Fieldbus Message Specification).<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Profibus-DP l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n giao ti\u1ebfp fieldbus m\u1edf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao ti\u1ebfp master\/slave gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng. N\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn RS485 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1p quang l\u00e0m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng l\u1edbp v\u1eadt l\u00fd. N\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 I\/O ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n \u1edf c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Profibus-PA \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh. M\u1ea1ng Profibus-PA \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c an to\u00e0n. C\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t bus chung duy nh\u1ea5t, cung c\u1ea5p truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n qua bus. C\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1edbp v\u1eadt l\u00fd Manchester Bus Powered (MBP) d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf IEC 61158-2.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Profibus-FMS l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng nh\u1eafn tin multimaster ho\u1eb7c peer-to-peer cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ch\u00ednh giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nhau. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch chung th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 giao ti\u1ebfp \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n chia l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c PC ch\u00ednh.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, FMS v\u00e0 DP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 COMBI trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p PLC \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi PC. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u00ednh giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u00ednh th\u00f4ng qua FMS trong khi DP truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng t\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb I\/O.<\/span><\/p><h2><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><strong>Foundation Field Bus<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n fieldbus m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u quan tr\u1ecdng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng an to\u00e0n. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i m\u1ea1ng LAN cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch fieldbus n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n giao th\u1ee9c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1, hai chi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi l\u1edbp v\u1eadt l\u00fd IEC 61158-2 an to\u00e0n (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi FF H1) v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb Ethernet (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi FF HSE). Ba lo\u1ea1i m\u1ea1ng FF bao g\u1ed3m H1 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, H2 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 HSE Ethernet t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u1ea1ng H1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 31,25 kbps. M\u1ea1ng H2 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 hai t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0 1,0 Mbps v\u00e0 2,5 Mbps. M\u1ea1ng HSE h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 10 ho\u1eb7c 100 Mbps v\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao th\u1ee9c Ethernet.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y, TAMI \u0111\u00e3 chia s\u1ebb t\u1ed5ng quan cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 m\u1ea1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i hy v\u1ecdng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i chia s\u1ebb s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u00edch cho b\u1ea1n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. Xin c\u1ea3m \u01a1n!<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e8b2808 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e8b2808\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em><strong>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u:<\/strong><span style=\"color: #993300;\"> <a style=\"color: #993300;\" href=\"https:\/\/tamiacademy.com\/en\/tai-lieu-ky-thuat\/\">https:\/\/tamiacademy.com\/tai-lieu-ky-thuat\/<\/a><\/span><\/em><\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em><strong>M\u1eddi b\u1ea1n tham kh\u1ea3o c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a TAMI:\u00a0<\/strong><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><a style=\"color: #993300;\" href=\"https:\/\/tamiacademy.com\/en\/khoa-hoc-lap-trinh-plc\/\">https:\/\/tamiacademy.com\/khoa-hoc-lap-trinh-plc\/<\/a><\/span><\/em><\/span><\/p><h2><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean h\u1ec7<br \/><span style=\"color: #993300;\">CTY CP PH\u00c1T TRI\u1ec2N C\u00d4NG NGH\u1ec6 TAMI<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i: <em><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><a style=\"color: #993300;\" href=\"https:\/\/maps.app.goo.gl\/SMXza2uTPKnUkFN19\">TT3-19, \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng CN 9, Xu\u00e2n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, Nam T\u1eeb Li\u00eam, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/a><\/span><\/em><\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">B\u1eafc Ninh: <em><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><a style=\"color: #993300;\" href=\"https:\/\/maps.app.goo.gl\/WPXRpf3FW5kQsbAV6\">Ph\u01b0\u1eddng T\u1eeb S\u01a1n, B\u1eafc Ninh, Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">S\u0110T\/Zalo: <em>0988 8383 41<\/em><\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Website: <em><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><a style=\"color: #993300;\" href=\"https:\/\/tamiacademy.com\/en\/\">www.tamiacademy.com<\/a><\/span><\/em><\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Fanpage: <em><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><a style=\"color: #993300;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/TAMIAcademy0625\">www.facebook.com\/TAMIAcademy0625<\/a><\/span><\/em><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f92d678 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f92d678\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ab1a8fe elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ab1a8fe\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-662bb41\" data-id=\"662bb41\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19750cf elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"19750cf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Home \/ M\u1ea1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a n\u00e0o v\u00ec n\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n trao \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau. [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1969,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1967","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tai-lieu-ky-thuat","category-tai-lieu-truyen-thong-cong-nghiep"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamiacademy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1967","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamiacademy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamiacademy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamiacademy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamiacademy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1967"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/tamiacademy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1967\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1976,"href":"https:\/\/tamiacademy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1967\/revisions\/1976"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamiacademy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1969"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamiacademy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1967"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamiacademy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1967"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamiacademy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1967"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}